@Jorgik
There is no real written history on what happened to the winners and losers. Just word of mouth and what could be found and what is still being researched is there was more likely a few versions of the game.
1 a regular sport when in the final the losers were killed.
2 there were some games that were a type of religious reenactment. like story of the Hero Twins in the Popol Vuh.
3 kind of like a trial by game were if you win it proves your innocence. the criminal was abused or drugged to make it less possible for them to win.
and there are probably more variations deepening on were in the empire you resided in
or believe wiki as the best source of info lol
Human sacrifice
One of a series of murals from the South Ballcourt at El Tajín, showing the sacrifice of a ballplayer
The association between human sacrifice and the ballgame appears rather late in the archaeological record, no earlier than the
Classic era.
[53] The association was particularly strong within the
Classic Veracruz and the Maya cultures, where the most explicit depictions of human sacrifice can be seen on the ballcourt panels—for example at El Tajín (850–1100 CE)
[54] and at Chichen Itza (900–1200 CE)—as well as on the well-known
decapitated ballplayer stelae from the Classic Veracruz site of Aparicio (700–900 CE). The Postclassic Maya religious and quasi-historical narrative, the
Popol Vuh, also links human sacrifice with the ballgame (see below).
Captives were often shown in Maya art, and it is assumed that these captives were sacrificed after losing a rigged ritual ballgame.
[55] Rather than nearly nude and sometimes battered captives, however, the ballcourts at El Tajín and Chichen Itza show the sacrifice of practiced ballplayers, perhaps the captain of a team.
[56] Decapitation is particularly associated with the ballgame—severed heads are featured in much Late Classic ballgame art and appear repeatedly in the
Popol Vuh. There has even been speculation that the heads and skulls were used as balls.
[57]